Return to the Suffolk Coastal home page
Introduction Maps Written Statement Planning Policy Index Copyright

INTRODUCTION

9.1 The Blyth Area typifies much of rural Suffolk - small, scattered and, in some cases, quite remote settlements set in undulating, attractive landscape. The river valleys, which give the inland part its character, are designated as Special Landscape Areas. The coastline itself is unique and designated as part of the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and a Heritage Coast.

9.2 There are four historic towns which act as service centres - Aldeburgh, Framlingham, Leiston and Saxmundham. Each has its own strikingly individual character and each is dealt with separately in this part of the Plan.

9.3 Almost all of the Blyth Area is within the Rural Development Area, and unemployment rates are generally above the county, but below the national average, although the construction of the Sizewell `B' Nuclear Power Station temporarily provided a large number of jobs.

9.4 The area lies within the Halesworth/Saxmundham Policy Area, as defined in the Suffolk Structure Plan. Because of the high quality of the environment, large numbers of outstanding planning consents and consistent with the strategic policy of restraint, further large-scale releases of housing land are not appropriate, other than in exceptional circumstances. This is outlined further in paras 9.6 to 9.11.

9.5 This Chapter of the Local Plan is structured as follows:

The Area Generally (paras 9.6 to 9.50)

• Housing (including the Villages)

• Employment

• Conservation

• Countryside

• Transport

• Sizewell

Aldeburgh

(paras 9.51 to 9.102)

(paras 9.51 to 9.102)

(paras 9.103 to 9.139)

Leiston

(paras 9.140 to 9.169)

Saxmundham

(paras 9.170 to 9.219)

Implementation

para 9.220

 

 

 

 

 

THE AREA GENERALLY

HOUSING

HOUSING REQUIREMENTS

9.6 The Suffolk Structure Plan (Incorporating Alterations 1, 2 and 3) does not include specific housing requirement figures for the Blyth area part of the Suffolk Coastal District. It is, therefore, not possible to identify any specific housing requirements for the Blyth area, or for the four towns of Aldeburgh, Framlingham, Leiston and Saxmundham. However, as stated earlier in paragraph 3.11 and demonstrated in Table 1, there is an overprovision of houses in the District as a whole in relation to requirements for the period up to 2006.

9.7 The overprovision of housing, caused by the existence of planning consents and inevitable development of 'windfall' sites, suggests that it is unnecessary, in statistical terms, to make allocations in this Local Plan. However, there are particular circumstances in Framlingham and Saxmundham which require an exception to this strategy, and these are considered in this section. These would be the only exceptions.

NEW HOUSING: SCALE AND LOCATION

9.8 Within the Blyth Area are four Towns - Aldeburgh, Framlingham, Leiston and Saxmundham - and policies for each of these are set out later in this section, as well as the general Policy AP26 after para 3.17 earlier.

9.9 There are a considerable number of Villages within the area. The scale and character of each individual village will determine the scale of new development appropriate to that settlement. Because of the nature of the Villages in the Blyth Area, which has high quality built and rural environments, large-scale development in the form of estates is better located and more able to be absorbed into the four Towns.

9.10 Within the Villages, new housing development will be considered in the light of the general policy AP27. This provides for development normally to take the form of either infilling or small groups, as specified in the following policy:

POLICY AP118

Development in Blyth Area Villages

In order to implement Policy AP27, the following settlements are defined as Villages; the appropriate scale of development being:

(a)

Infilling only within the Villages of:

 

Bruisyard Church

Little Glemham

 

Chediston Church

Parham

 

Chediston Green

Saxtead Green

 

Dunwich

Stratford St Andrew

 

Farnham

Theberton (Church)

 

Heveningham

Theberton (Eastbridge)

 

Huntingfield

 

 

 

 

(b)

Infilling or Groups within the Villages of:

 

Aldringham

Kelsale-cum-Carlton

 

Badingham (Church)

Kettleburgh

 

Benhall Green

Knodishall

 

Blythburgh

Marlesford

 

Bramfield

Middleton

 

Brandeston

Peasenhall (with part of Sibton)

 

Cransford

Rendham

 

Cratfield (Bell Green)

Snape

 

Darsham

Sweffling

 

Dennington

Thorpeness

 

Earl Soham

Walberswick

 

Easton

Walpole (with part of Cookley)

 

Friston

Wenhaston

 

Great Glemham

Westleton

 

Hacheston

Yoxford

'Infilling' and `Group' are defined earlier in para 3.5. The presence of particular areas to be protected from development is also covered earlier in Policy AP28 after para 3.26 and these areas, where known, are shown on the Proposals Map.

9.11 The following parishes do not contain a settlement which meets the criteria set out in para 3.19 and Policy AP30 will apply in respect of new residential development:

Cookley

Sibton

Linstead Magna

Sternfield

Linstead Parva

Thorington

 

Ubbeston

EMPLOYMENT

GENERAL

9.12 The lack of employment opportunities over much of the Blyth Area has been recognised for some time and this largely led, in 1984, to the designation of the Suffolk Protection Area (formerly Rural Development Area) (see para 4.10). With this in mind, the District Council will particularly encourage the provision of new employment opportunities, as set out in the General policies in Chapter Four of the Plan.

9.13 Where appropriate, specific allocations of land for employment purposes are made in the Towns, and these are referred to in the relevant paragraphs later in this section.

PARHAM AIRFIELD

9.14 The disused Parham airfield straddles a number of parishes. Today, there remain principally two concentrations of wartime buildings which were once associated with the airfield; at Silverlace Green, Parham and a short distance away in Marlesford parish. These have for some time been utilised by businesses orientated towards agriculture and those which have proved to be `bad neighbour' uses elsewhere. The main concentration, in Marlesford parish, is visually prominent in the landscape and remote in terms of communication links.

9.15 There are also a number of other buildings previously associated with the airfield, but these are scattered rather than in groups, and have been quite acceptably converted to agricultural outbuildings.

9.16 In recognition of the existence of the employment provision at Parham airfield, a physical 'employment' limits boundary has been drawn around the areas, where the District Council considers such development is acceptable and within which any further provision should be concentrated. The physical limits boundary is drawn tightly to acknowledge that the buildings are located in an agricultural setting. The boundary has also been drawn to divide the groups of buildings to recognise that different characteristics and issues exist within the area.

9.17 At Silverlace Green, there are essentially two areas of buildings served by separate accesses. The first area (marked A on the Proposals Map) is accessed off the Moat Hall Drive, while the second (marked B) gains access from the C242. Both accesses appear reasonable but could be improved if necessary. Along the C242 there is a dense Hawthorn hedge, approximately 15 ft high, forming a good visual screen and noise barrier.

9.18 Within Area A the main buildings are former Nissen huts, and it is in this area where existing employment provision is concentrated. Some of these buildings have fallen into a state of disrepair. In Area A, the District Council believes that a significant increase in floorspace would not be appropriate, although a replacement of obsolete buildings may be acceptable.

9.19 Currently, there is no employment provision within Area B. However, subject to structural surveys, the buildings on this site are considered appropriate for conversion to employment use. As well as the revitalisation of existing buildings, there is also a small thinned-out, wooded area in the south of the site where further business premises could be sited, provided the peripheral trees are retained to provide a mature screen.

9.20 In visual terms, an advantage of that part within Marlesford Parish is that the majority of premises, especially those buildings to the south, are located within a dense Poplar plantation, thus providing an excellent visual and noise barrier to the activities occurring within.

9.21 Area C is owned by the MoD and no public access is permitted. It consists of two large hangars which are exposed in the landscape. In this area there should be no further increase in floorspace.

9.22 A variety of employment-generating businesses exist in Area D, most of which are well screened. As well as the revitalisation of existing buildings, the District Council believes that in the south of this area (Area D1 on the Proposals Map) the woodland is of a sufficient density and acreage (approximately 3 acres) to accommodate further small-scale business developments, providing peripheral trees are retained to afford an essential mature screen.

9.23 In the north of this area (Area D2) the District Council considers that a significant increase in the floorspace would not be appropriate because of a lack of screening along the western and southern boundaries, which means that the site is clearly visible from the surrounding area. In addition, no further structures should be erected on this site.

9.24 In considering proposals at Parham airfield, the following Policy will apply:

POLICY AP119

Parham Airfield

The following criteria will be applied when considering proposals at Parham Airfield:

(i) the proposal must be within the defined boundary, as shown on the Proposals Map;

(ii) the proposed use must be:

(a) within Class B1 (Business) of the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order, 1987 with the exception of the erection of new buildings where `office' uses will not normally be permitted unless ancillary to an industrial use; or

(b) within Class B2 (General Industrial) of the Town and Country Planning (Use Classes) Order, 1987 and the District Council is satisfied that there will be no serious loss of residential or rural amenity and no significant generation of lorry movements; or

(c) directly allied to agriculture, provided there is no significant generation of lorry movements;

(iii) warehousing, storage (including large-scale, agricultural storage) and haulage uses involving significant generation of lorry movements, will not normally be permitted;

(iv) the proposal does not involve the use of existing buildings or land for retail purposes;

(v) in Areas B and D1, proposals for the erection of small-scale industrial premises will only be acceptable where they conform to the provisions of this policy and retain a significant element of the existing trees on site, supplemented by adequate landscaping proposals;

(vi) In Areas A, C and D2, with the exception of replacement buildings, no new buildings, extensions to existing buildings, or other works will be permitted, unless they are of a minor and wholly ancillary nature;

(vii) the replacement of existing buildings will only be acceptable where the proposed building and use conforms to the provisions of this policy, there is no significant increase in the size or shape of the building, and adequate landscaping takes place;

(viii) the proposal must have no materially detrimental impact on residential or rural amenity.

CONSERVATION

9.25 Within the Blyth Area the following Conservation Areas are currently designated, proposals within which will be assessed against policies in Part One of the Local Plan:

Aldeburgh
Blythburgh
Bramfield
Brandeston
Darsham
Dennington
Dunwich
Earl Soham
Easton
Framlingham
Great Glemham
Huntingfield (St Mary's Church)
Leiston
Marlesford
Peasenhall
Saxmundham
Saxtead Green
Thorpeness
Walberswick
Westleton
Yoxford

9.26 The boundaries of these Conservation Areas are shown on the Proposals Map. As resources permit, the District Council will consider opportunities for Enhancement Schemes in all of the Conservation Areas.

9.27 The Blyth Area contains the whole of one Historic Park and Garden included in the Register compiled by English Heritage (Heveningham Hall) and part of another (Henham Hall). The appropriate policy in respect of these, and others, is AP4.

THE COUNTRYSIDE

LANDSCAPE

9.28 The landscape importance of the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and Heritage Coast has been outlined earlier, in para 1.60, Chapter One. Similarly, the valleys and tributaries of the Rivers Alde, Blyth, Deben, Minsmere and Yox are designated as Special Landscape Areas and the appropriate policy is AP13.

BLYTHBURGH HOSPITAL

9.29 The Blythburgh Hospital has closed. Its remoteness from existing settlements makes it inappropriate for community use, as provided for by Policy AP88. The re-use of the existing buildings for another institutional use would be the preferred alternative use, but a range of other uses, either singly or as a mix could also be acceptable, including employment use, such as business, recreational, hotel, or some form of residential conversion. Additional new buildings in association with any re-use will not be acceptable unless of a complementary character, of a small scale and ancillary to the existing building. Recreational use should be judged against Policy AP109 and use as a golf course would be contrary to Policy AP114 and would be likely to be resisted.

POLICY AP120

Blythburgh Hospital

The re-use of the Blythburgh Hospital through the conversion of the existing buildings to a range of uses is considered acceptable in principle, subject to a Design Brief for the whole site being agreed with the District Council prior to any consent being implemented. The range of uses can comprise one or a mix of the following:

(i) institutional

(ii) business (Class B1)

(iii) leisure uses

(iv) residential

Any proposals should not have a major impact on the landscape, compromise highway safety or the free flow of traffic and should not conflict with existing uses within the area.

NATURE CONSERVATION

9.30 The Blyth Area is of national importance for nature conservation, with the following designations (for a definition and relevant policy, see paras 1.66 to 1.70):

National Nature Reserves

Walberswick

Westleton Heath

Special Protection Area

Alde/Ore Estuary

Minsmere/Walberswick

Sandlings

Wetland of International Importance

Alde/Ore Estuary

Minsmere/Walberswick

Minsmere/Walberswick extension

Sites of Special Scientific Interest

a number have been designated

and are listed in Supplementary Planning Guidance

9.31 There are also a number of sites of local importance -

• County Wildlife Sites

a number have been designated and are listed in Supplementary Planning Guidance

The policy relating to these sites is AP16 in Chapter One

Local Nature Reserves

Aldeburgh Haven

Alde Mudflats, Iken

Darsham Marshes

Framlingham Mere

Hazelwood Marshes, Aldeburgh/Friston

TRANSPORT

9.32 The A12 Trunk road runs through the Blyth Area. In the event of the Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions intending to improve this route, the criteria against which the District Council will comment on those improvements are outlined in Policy AP77 in Chapter Five. Driver facilities are also considered in the same chapter, para 5.10.

9.33 In the Blyth Area any improvements to the A12 at Blythburgh would require particularly sensitive treatment, bearing in mind the quality of the village itself (which is a Conservation Area) and the area on either side, especially the estuary and river valley.

SIZEWELL NUCLEAR POWER STATIONS

BACKGROUND

9.34 Although the construction of a power station requires a planning consent, the decision on the application is not made by the Local Planning Authorities - in this case Suffolk Coastal District Council and Suffolk County Council. A planning consent is deemed to have been given if and when the Department of Trade and Industry grants consent under Section 36 of the Electricity Act, 1989 and deemed planning consent may also be granted under Section 90(2) of the Town and Country Planning Act, 1990. The role of the Local Authorities in this application procedure is as consultees, and in the event of an objection by the Local Planning Authorities, a Public Inquiry is held. For Sizewell 'B' however, the Secretary of State for Energy stated at the time when the application was made under the Electric Lighting Act 1909, Section 2 that a "full and thorough Public Inquiry will be held". It is not known what circumstances may apply in the event of a Section 36 submission for Sizewell 'C' if it is made.

SIZEWELL 'A'

9.35 National policy for nuclear power stations has required that they should be located in areas of sparse population. Siting requirements include availability of abundant cooling water. The Suffolk coastline was considered to meet these requirements and in 1958, the CEGB consulted the former East Suffolk County Council on five alternative sites in East Suffolk. Following local consultations, East Suffolk County Council considered Sizewell to be less objectionable than any of the others, objected strongly to three of the other four, and requested that in the event of a second station being built eventually, it should be combined with the first station.

9.36 Following this, an application for Sizewell 'A' (the present Magnox reactors) was considered by East Suffolk County Council in 1959. Very little comment was received as a result of publicity and consultation and the Council considered that a Public Inquiry was unnecessary. Construction of Sizewell 'A' began in 1961 and the two reactors were commissioned in 1966.

9.37 Nuclear Electric have no definite closure plans at present. On the basis of the original planned life of the 'A' station, however, phased decommissioning would have commenced in 1996. The District Council will consider the detailed proposals for the decommissioning of Sizewell 'A' and any consequences arising from it at the appropriate time.

SIZEWELL 'B'

9.38 In January 1981, the CEGB applied to the Secretary of State for Energy for Section 2 consent to the extension of the Sizewell Nuclear Power Station by the construction on the existing site of an additional station to be known as Sizewell 'B'. This new station would have a capacity of 1,200 megawatts, based on the Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR) system. On receipt of this Section 2 application, a joint Suffolk Coastal District Council/Suffolk County Council public consultation programme was established. Following consideration of all the representations received, the District Council decided to accept Government policy on nuclear power and the principle of the use of the site for additional nuclear power, but to object to the proposal to extend the power station by the construction of an additional generating station based on a pressurised water reactor, on the basis of information then available.

9.39 A Public Inquiry took place from January 1983 to March 1985. By the end of this Inquiry, the Local Authorities had secured adequate safeguards to enable them to withdraw their objections to the safety aspects of the proposal. The two Councils also secured Undertakings from the CEGB and agreement on the contents of draft Conditions.

9.40 The Inspector's Report was presented to the Secretary of State for Energy in December 1986. Following a debate in the House of Commons, the Secretary of State announced approval of Sizewell 'B' in March 1987, subject to the conditions which were sought by the local planning authorities with the exception of the 'new access road', which was rejected by the Inspector.

9.41 Following the issuing of a Nuclear Site Licence by the NII, construction of Sizewell 'B' commenced in May 1987. Construction was scheduled to take 7 years, with completion in late 1994. In accordance with the Secretary of State's deemed planning consent and the attached Schedule of Conditions, various consents are required from the District Council as the construction proceeds. Similarly, the Undertakings given to the District and County Councils require their consent to various matters as the development progresses.

9.42 A number of highway schemes have been carried out with financial assistance from the CEGB, which were considered necessary as a direct consequence of the construction works. These include improvements to the B1122, Lovers Lane and the A12/B1122 junction at Yoxford.

9.43 The B1122 is the designated route for commercial vehicles travelling to the power station. The Inspector, in his report on the Public Inquiry, concluded that this was a most unsatisfactory route for a large volume of heavy goods vehicle traffic. He also considered that a study of alternative options should be undertaken in order to identify the best possible route.

9.44 Consulting Engineers were subsequently commissioned to carry out a study into the feasibility of a new access route from the A12 to Sizewell. Their conclusions and recommendations were the subject of public consultation. In considering the Consultants' Report and the various consultation responses, the County Council endorsed the County Surveyor's view that none of the routes should be adopted, and that the B1122 route should be confirmed as the preferred route in the context of the 'B' station construction. Since that time, improvements have removed some of the inadequacies of the road.

POLICY AP121

Sizewell 'B'

The District Council will monitor the construction of the Sizewell `B' nuclear power station in order to ensure that it is carried out in accordance with the conditions attached to the planning consent by the Secretary of State for Energy and with the undertakings agreed between the CEGB and the Local Planning Authorities.

SIZEWELL 'C'

9.45 In 1989, the then National Power Division of the Central Electricity Generating Board submitted a consent application on which the District Council sought public comment prior to carrying out its own assessment of the proposal and of the necessity or otherwise to object formally to the development. Part of that had involved consideration of a further highway study which took into account the possibility of a consent and subsequent construction of Sizewell 'C' overlapping with, or subsequent to, the construction of 'B'. In considering the conclusions of that report, the District Council resolved to support a comprehensive package of highway improvement measures, including the early construction of a new southern approach to Sizewell passing to the north of Leiston. For its part in this matter, as Highway Authority, the County Council resolved to give further consideration to the environmental implications and infrastructure requirements associated with a Sizewell 'C' PWR Power Station, following the formal submission of an application to the Secretary of State and in the autumn of 1989 resolved to adopt the new link road to the A12 as the preferred, and sole route for construction traffic between the A12 and the Sizewell 'B' and 'C' power stations.

9.46 Before the District Council had taken its decision on the Section 2 consent application, it was formally withdrawn following the Government's review of the nuclear power programme. In the event of the further review, promised in 1994 following completion of the construction of Sizewell 'B', resulting in a decision to proceed once again with a third station at Sizewell within the period of this Local Plan, the District Council will wish to review all aspects of its policy and experience in accommodating the construction of Sizewell 'B' and implementation of Policy AP121. If necessary, a review of the Local Plan would be undertaken.

SIZEWELL GAP

9.47 Sizewell Gap and its car park, beach and facilities is increasingly popular with both residents and tourists. It does, however, require improvement if it is to continue to cope with the pressures imposed upon it. The following policy, therefore, is intended to address this problem:

POLICY AP122

Sizewell Gap

The District Council will seek to improve and enhance the appearance of the Sizewell Gap area, as shown on the Proposals Map, for the benefit of residents and tourists.

COASTAL EROSION

9.48 The issue of Coastal Erosion is discussed in paragraphs 6.33 to 6.40 of Part One.

9.49 The Shoreline Management Plan has concluded that average, long term, historical rates of erosion may be expected to accelerate in consequence of predicted sea level rise and lead to a further cliff retreat in the next 75 years of the order of 150m at Dunwich Village to 190m at the Greyfriars Wood. For the benefit of the built environment and certain conservation interests the shoreline management strategy will be to seek a means of controlling and slowing down the rate of cliff erosion.

9.50 Until such means have been identified and a programme for their implementation has been drawn up, it must be assumed that uncontrolled erosion could occur as predicted and that, hence, for this length of the coast, a policy which generally prohibits development within the area indicated on the Proposals Map should be maintained.

POLICY AP123

Coastal Instability: Dunwich

Pending the establishment of the means and programme for the implementation of the managed retreat of the shoreline, the local planning authority will not permit further new development within the area indicated on the Proposals Map unless it can be demonstrated that the design life of the development is commensurate with historically observed and predicted future rates of coastal erosion.

 

ALDEBURGH

9.51 Aldeburgh is a small coastal town with a population of about 2,800 located entirely within the Heritage Coast and Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The surrounding landscape, therefore, is of an extremely high natural quality.

9.52 The town itself is also highly attractive. The medieval street pattern is closely-knit and buildings are generally small, with varying roof pitches, and constructed from a wide range of materials. The older part of the town is designated as a Conservation Area.

9.53 Aldeburgh has a number of functions:

(i) the coastal location and high environmental quality makes it a popular place in which to live, particularly to retire to. The population structure is, as a consequence, unusual with a high proportion of the elderly. However, this may alter slightly as new development takes place, particularly Church Farm. Opportunities for further development are extremely limited;

(ii) the town is a market centre in which to shop serving a wide, rural catchment area. However, the employment base is extremely limited, largely because of the low economic activity rate resulting from the age structure;

(iii) Aldeburgh is well known as a place to visit, particularly because of its environment and its musical connections. This causes traffic and car parking problems.

9.54 These and other matters are addressed in this section, as follows, although it must be emphasised that the greater proportion of policies which will apply to Aldeburgh are general ones contained in Part One of the Plan:

• Housing (including the Garrett Era Area)

• Traffic Management and Car Parking

• Town Centre (including Opportunities for Enhancement)

• Recreation and Tourism (including Slaughden)

• Education

• Community facilities

ALDEBURGH - GENERAL

HOUSING

New Development

9.55 Reference has already been made (paragraph 9.6) to the lack of any necessity to allocate land specifically to meet the Structure Plan housing requirement for the Suffolk Coastal District as a whole. There will, however, be opportunities for infilling, groups or even small estate-scale developments. These may be acceptable, provided they are within the physical limits, as defined on the Proposals Map.

9.56 As Aldeburgh is situated within the AONB and Heritage Coast and there is, in any event, virtually no potential for further development beyond its present physical limits which would not conflict with overriding conservation objectives, there is, therefore, no obvious location for future expansion. In the longer term interests of the town, it is desirable to safeguard existing sites within the physical limits. There will, therefore, be a presumption against any development in excess of a group, unless there is a clear environmental gain in that particular case, or until such time as major residential planning consents in and around the town are completed. This will include 'windfall' sites, including redevelopment.

9.57 Policy AP26 of the Local Plan will not apply to the Town of Aldeburgh . Instead, applications for residential development in Aldeburgh will be judged against the following policy:

POLICY AP124

Aldeburgh: New Housing

Within Aldeburgh, new housing development will only be permitted where it takes the form of infilling or groups, is located within the physical limits, as defined on the Proposals Map, and causes no problems to residential amenity, the environment or highway safety. Estate scale development or redevelopment will not normally be permitted, but the Council will have particular regard to the following material considerations:

(i) Any clear environmental gain;

(ii) The substantial implementation of major residential commitments.

'Infill', 'Group' and 'Estate' are defined in para 3.5.

Areas to be Protected from Development

9.58 Within the physical limits there may be sites, gaps or areas which it is desirable to retain in an undeveloped form and to which Policy AP28 would apply. This would certainly include the 'Garrett Era' Area.

The Garrett Era Area

9.59 That part of the town built in the mid-19th century, largely as a result of the efforts of the Garrett family, now presents a unique character. Large houses in equally large gardens, well planted with trees, occupy a prominent position to the west of the original town. Much of the character of this area, approached through its own private road, is afforded by the trees and the spaces they occupy, rather than the buildings which, from many aspects, are well hidden by the wooded nature of the area.

9.60 Specific policies for the area will ensure that pressures for sub-division of plots resulting in the loss of trees, or the ability to provide additional planting in appropriate places to maintain the character of the area, will be resisted.

9.61 The District Council feel that a replanting requirement for trees which are felled as they end their useful life is not sufficient for this sensitive area, and that property owners should be encouraged to undertake additional planting to an agreed programme to secure the continuity of the well-wooded appearance. A number of trees are reaching maturity and it would be regrettable if, in future years, large numbers were removed before replacements became established.

POLICY AP125

Aldeburgh: The Garrett Era Area

The area known as the Garrett Era Area in Aldeburgh, as shown on the Proposals Map, is defined as an Area to be Protected from Development to which Policy AP28 will apply. In particular, proposals to substantially enlarge existing properties or sub-divide existing plots will be refused where they would:

(i) Materially adversely affect the character of the area;

(ii) Materially adversely affect the setting of existing buildings;

(iii) Result in the serious loss of existing trees; or

(iv) Prejudice replanting schemes of suitable species once existing trees die or are removed.

The District Council will advise and seek to encourage property owners to manage existing trees and carry out appropriate new planting to secure the continuity of the well-wooded character of the area.

The Community Hospital

9.62 The only exception to this policy would be in respect of extensions to Aldeburgh and District Community Hospital. This is a small acute hospital with 17 beds providing medical, rather than surgical treatment. The hospital, which provides limited casualty facilities and also has a number of Out Patients clinics, is supported by a very active League of Friends. Funds raised by the League help to provide extra equipment and amenities for both patients and staff and it is the objective of the League to further improve facilities to support the hospital.

9.63 It is necessary for the Local Plan to recognise that any improvements to the Community Hospital could require additional buildings within the grounds or on adjacent land owned by the League of Friends. Provided that such proposals are compatible with the objectives of the Garrett Era Area, as expressed in Policy AP125 they will normally be supported.

POLICY AP126

Aldeburgh: Community Hospital

Any proposals to improve facilities at Aldeburgh and District Community Hospital, as shown on the Proposals Map, will be judged on their merits against the objectives of preserving the character of the 'Garrett Era Area' and the established need for health care facilities.

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

9.64 The pedestrian link between the town centre and Fort Green alongside the southern end of High Street should be improved and consideration might be given to affording greater priority to pedestrians in Brudenell Street, while recognising the need to access property (see paragraph 9.89).

POLICY AP127

Aldeburgh: Slaughden Road

The District Council will seek the co-operation of the Town Council, local people, Suffolk County Council as the Highway Authority, Environment Agency and the Coast and Heaths Joint Advisory Committee, to improve the environment of the Slaughden Road by:

(i) restricting vehicular movement to a well-defined area;

(ii) suitable 'landscaping' or 'earth' moving to keep vehicles off other areas.

9.65 Whilst any increased use of the Slaughden area involves more traffic passing through the High Street, the creation of a new route is not considered practical, necessary or desirable without considerable detriment to the existing residential and employment uses in the area.

9.66 Some limited traffic relief may be afforded in the town centre by the completion of the link road between the Thorpe Road and the A1094/B1122 junction in conjunction with the residential development of Church Farm. Local residents wishing to travel between the Thorpe Road and the Saxmundham Road may use it as an alternative to Victoria Road and it could prove an attractive alternative to those using the `sea front' at Aldeburgh and wishing to head westward. It is not likely to discourage tourists from visiting Aldeburgh by acting as a bypass and would be an economic dis-benefit to the town if it did so.

9.67 Overall the fundamental traffic problem of Aldeburgh is a seasonal one. The town must encourage visitors for its economic wellbeing, but finds it difficult to cope with the influx of cars at peak periods. As there is very little potential to relieve the situation close to the town centre, perhaps the only solution is to make better use of the existing facilities, particularly the Thorpe Road Car Park. This can only be achieved by positive measures to encourage such use, perhaps by locating a Tourist Information Point on the car park. The District Council will, therefore, in co-operation with Aldeburgh Town Council and the Suffolk Coast and Heaths project, investigate what might be done to make better use of the facility.

ALDEBURGH - TOWN CENTRE STRATEGY

EXTENT OF TOWN CENTRE

9.68 The Town Centre is defined on the Proposals Map and the General Policy which will apply to the area is AP56 in Part One of the Local Plan.

TOWN CENTRE PROFILE

9.69 The diversity of uses, retailer representation, vacancy levels, accessibility and the state of the shopping environment are the key indicators of the current vitality and viability of Aldeburgh, Framlingham, Leiston and Saxmundham. The towns are limited in their retail provision and cater predominantly for the local needs of their resident population, although Aldeburgh and Framlingham also perform an important tourist function. The single most important competing centre is Ipswich; other competing centres outside the District include Norwich and Lowestoft.

9.70 In terms of its profile, Aldeburgh, is a small coastal town located within the Heritage Coast and Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The town centre is based on its medieval street pattern with a wide variety of attractive small buildings. The older part of the town is designated as a conservation area.

9.71 The town has a high proportion of elderly people and relies upon expenditure generated from tourism to supplement its income from its resident population. Retailing is concentrated on the High Street, principally between Crespigny House and Victoria Road. It is estimated that the town centre has approximately 5,950 square metres of gross ground floorspace (A1, A2 and A3 uses).

9.72 The percentage of convenience related stores is almost double the national average. This emphasises the important role that food retailers play in underpinning the vitality and viability of the town. Even so, the town centre has one modest supermarket on the High Street, while the remainder of convenience related shops are small independent traders. In this respect, Aldeburgh differs from Leiston, Framlingham and Saxmundham in that it does not have a modern supermarket.

9.73 The proportion of comparison retailers in the town centre is slightly above the national average, though a large proportion of these are geared towards the tourist market. In particular, the town has a large proportion of antique shops and exclusive fashion shops. The specialist nature of these retailers means that for a large proportion of the resident population, their comparison needs are met elsewhere in the higher order centres.

9.74 The representation of services in the town centre is slightly below average, with a relatively poor provision of financial and professional services. However, the town is well provided for in terms of eating places and public houses, which is consistent with the town's role as an important tourist destination.

9.75 With only three vacant shops, Aldeburgh is well below the national average, which suggests that retailers are attracted to the centre and that they are able to trade relatively successfully and that Aldeburgh town centre is a relatively strong trading location.

9.76 Car parking is adequate during non-peak periods but may be problematic during peak holiday periods. The constraints of the sea on one side and residential areas on the other side mean that opportunities to incorporate additional off-street parking are extremely limited, apart from at either end of the town centre. It is considered that initiatives to improve the appearance and pedestrian access to existing car parks, particularly Fort Green car park, need to be implemented where possible. It is considered vital that appropriate measures are taken to deal effectively with the seasonable influx of traffic, while maintaining the attractive environment of the town.

9.77 A principal reason for people visiting Aldeburgh is because of its attractive environment. It is considered that opportunities for further enhancement, particularly of the High Street by way of improved paving, planting and street furniture, would further enhance the appearance of the town.

9.78 In terms of the scope for new comparison goods development, it is considered inappropriate to promote any major comparison goods development in the town. The exceptionally low vacancy level is considered to be indicative of a vital and viable town centre with no obvious deficiencies. Even so, the possibility of some small scale comparison goods scheme in the town centre should not be ruled out; this would complement and enhance the role of Aldeburgh as an attractive tourist destination. Opportunities in the town centre for even a modest development are seen as strictly limited and any proposal would need to be carefully considered against the possible implications for additional traffic congestion in the town centre, and the need to continue to ensure sufficient town centre car parking.

TOWN CENTRE OBJECTIVES

9.79 The town centre strategy for Aldeburgh, therefore, needs to include the following objectives:

• Actively promoting, through a co-ordinated strategy, the town centre as a tourist destination;

• Enhance the town centre, particularly High Street, by way of improved paving, planting and street furniture.

• Reduce traffic congestion in the town centre during peak holiday periods, without prejudicing the amount of available car parking or adversely affecting the attractive environment of the town;

• Improve the appearance of and pedestrian access to existing car parks, particularly the Fort Green car park.

• Subject to below, facilitate an appropriately located modern supermarket to reduce the outflow of convenience trade and to meet the identified qualitative deficiency in the town's retail facilities;

• Maintaining a policy which defends any loss of retailing (in particular, foodstores), but which recognises the importance of services in underpinning the town centre's vitality and viability.

TOWN CENTRE POLICIES AND PROPOSALS

Housing

9.80 Aldeburgh Town Centre contains a wide mixture of uses and activities dispersed in a somewhat random but, nevertheless, harmonious manner. This pattern of uses, which has evolved slowly, gives the town its character, particularly where there is a strong element of living accommodation in close proximity to business uses. There is, therefore, the need to safeguard the continued existence of the residential element of the town centre, which helps to make it a living community.

9.81 There may well be some opportunities within the town centre to make additional housing provision. Proposals will be considered against Policy AP57.

Opportunities for Enhancement

9.82 The town centre is entirely within, and forms the greatest proportion of the Conservation Area, and Aldeburgh is fortunate that the majority of buildings within the Conservation Area are generally well maintained and are serving a useful purpose. Opportunities do exist, however, to enhance the area and make it a more pleasant place in which to live and work. When such improvements can also be of economic and commercial benefit they are doubly important. Projects can range from the undergrounding of unsightly overhead wires, a reduction in the proliferation of traffic and parking signs, through to more ambitious schemes to give a greater emphasis to the needs of the pedestrian rather than traffic.

POLICY AP128

Aldeburgh: Enhancement of Town Centre

The District Council will seek the co-operation of Suffolk County Council as the Highway Authority, the Town Council and any other groups or individuals in promoting the enhancement of Aldeburgh Town Centre. In particular, measures to ameliorate the impact of traffic and car parking, particularly 'on-street' parking, will generally be supported.

9.83 Car parking in the High Street has proved difficult at peak periods for many years and even if additional peripheral provision can be made, there appears to be little likelihood of alleviating the problem. Several suggestions to improve the situation have been made in the past, but no entirely satisfactory solution has been found which does not significantly reduce the number of parking spaces available.

9.84 Most of the current problems are caused by two things:

(i) the hazard created by vehicles backing out of parking spaces on the eastern side of the High Street into the stream of moving vehicles, and

(ii) delivery vehicles often have to off-load in the middle of the highway because access to the pavement is blocked by parked cars.

Further traffic hazards are caused by cars manoeuvring out of parking spaces when visibility is obscured by delivery vehicles.

9.85 As many shops and business premises fronting the High Street have no rear servicing facilities, deliveries will still need to continue from the front, and perhaps some car parking spaces should be sacrificed to ensure that delivery vehicles can unload safely. Such measures, combined with relatively simple extensions to the paved area and 'landscaping' could substantially improve the environment of the main shopping street. Recognition could also be given in such measures to the needs of cyclists.

POLICY AP129

Aldeburgh: High Street

The District Council, in consultation with the Town Council, local people and the Highway Authority, will examine means to reduce vehicular conflict in the High Street, as shown on the Proposals Map, and to improve the environment and floor scape of the area. Measures to improve unloading facilities for goods vehicles and to improve the area available to the pedestrian will need to be investigated.

9.86 There is no potential to pedestrianise the High Street, but the opportunity may well exist to give greater priority to pedestrians in parts of Brudenell Street, King Street and Crabbe Street, and some of the links which exist between them, Crag Path and the High Street.

9.87 These cross-town routes between the seafront and the main shopping street are vital to the life of the town and many are well used. Simple enhancement, for example, by a different surface treatment and attention to detail on buildings, could be relatively straightforward and benefit the resident and tourist alike.

9.88 It has to be recognised that many of the 'back streets' of Aldeburgh must be available to vehicles for access and servicing, but a form of pedestrian priority already exists because of their narrowness and, often, a lack of proper footpaths, which keeps necessary traffic at low speeds. A fuller recognition of this by the use of paving, or other appropriate surfacing materials, if undertaken after full consultation, could prove very beneficial, particularly if some reduction of traffic in these streets could be achieved.

9.89 An example of where this might also usefully be applied is Brudenell Street, which has a car parking problem and greater use of the Fort Green Car Park could be made by improving the pedestrian link to the town centre at the southern end of High Street.

POLICY AP130

Aldeburgh: Pedestrian Priority

In consultation with the Town Council, local people and Suffolk County Council as the Highway Authority, the District Council will seek ways to give greater priority to pedestrians in parts of Aldeburgh Town Centre by discouraging non-essential traffic from certain areas. Such an exercise will need to recognise the requirement for vehicular access for those living and working within the area.

New Supermarket

9.90 As indicated in the town centre profile, Aldeburgh does not have a modern supermarket. It is considered that the provision of such a supermarket would be likely to enhance the viability of the town by reducing the amount of trade currently going to the nearby towns of Leiston and Saxmundham, but would not have a significant adverse effect on the existing town centre food outlets. However, opportunities in the town centre are very limited.

9.91 A site exists on Saxmundham Road for an out-of-centre supermarket. If built, it would be likely to claw back modest levels of trade currently going to Leiston and Saxmundham but would also divert some trade currently going to foodstores in the town centre. It is considered unlikely that the effect on the existing supermarket would be severe enough to force its closure, nor to affect adversely the existing inter-relationship of the small towns. In the unlikely event that it did close, the town centre could support another comparable food retailer. It is thought unlikely that other convenience food stores would be affected, though the closure of one or more outlets could not be ruled out. Even if it occurred, such closures would not adversely affect the vitality and viability of the town centre. There is no quantitative need for additional foodstore provision in Aldeburgh, assuming the supermarket is built. In the event of it not being built, then there would be a requirement for a modern supermarket of approximately the equivalent size.

9.92 Therefore, a site at Saxmundham Road for a small supermarket of up to 470 square metres (5,000 square feet) is identified on the Proposals Map. A larger store would be acceptable only if it could be shown that it would have no detrimental impact on the vitality and viability of the town centre. Planning permission was issued in October 1998 for the development of a supermarket of about 437 sq m (4650 ft2) net floor space.

POLICY AP131

Aldeburgh: Development of a Supermarket

Subject to a safe highway access and appropriate parking provision being provided, land at Saxmundham Road, as shown on the Proposals Map, is identified as being suitable for the development of a supermarket. This shall not exceed 470m2 (5000 ft2) net floorspace and be built to a high standard of design and materials with appropriate landscaping.

GENERAL TOWN CENTRE POLICIES

9.93 The Town Centre policies will need to be read in conjunction with Policy AP56, which seeks to locate and promote activities in the Town Centre; Policy AP58 which sets out the Council's intention to continuously monitor car park demand bearing in mind the need to encourage the use of a range of transport modes in addition to the car; Policy AP61 which expects development to be in town centres unless suitable sites are not available; and Policy AP57 which seeks to encourage the establishment of residential accommodation within town centres, particularly on upper floors.

RECREATION AND TOURISM

9.94 The greatest pressure for recreation occurs on or near the river and the number of people using the river for leisure purposes has increased steadily for many years.

9.95 In addition to the shore-based facilities at Aldeburgh Yacht Club, Slaughden Sailing Club, the boat-yard and the quay, (which is owned by the District Council and leased to a local company), there are a considerable number of moorings on the river. These are strictly controlled by the Moorings Committee of the Aldeburgh Yacht Club and by a Moorings Charges Advisory Committee, which includes representatives of all river users. There is no evidence at present that the moorings cause any serious impediment to other river users.

9.96 However, pressures on the river are extending upstream and there is already some informal use of the Brick Dock area and jetty. Access is currently limited, with improvements impractical or undesirable. In any event, providing easier access to this location could encourage greater use of the river even further upstream, including the likely increase in moorings.

BRICKWORKS JETTY

9.97 It is therefore considered that while the existing informal use of the brickworks jetty by a comparatively small number of people does not cause any undue problem, to encourage its greater use by improving the access would be unacceptable. The following policy is, therefore, suggested:

POLICY AP132

Aldeburgh: Brickworks Jetty

Proposals which would significantly increase the use of the brickworks jetty, as shown on the Proposals Map, to gain access to the river for recreational purposes, or would substantially increase use of the access track, will be resisted.

SLAUGHDEN

9.98 On the other hand, it might be necessary to accept some increased use of the Slaughden area by examining, with landowners and others, ways of making more effective use of the land, including the District Council car park.

9.99 Some aspects of this have already been undertaken in that the boat storage areas have been rationalised and the remaining area available for public car parking has been reconstructed.

9.100 Any increased use of shore-based facilities is unlikely to reduce the number of moorings on the river but, in fact, there may not be a need to do so as they appear to be well managed. There may, however, be merit in seeking a management plan for the whole river under the auspices of the Heritage Coast/AONB project. Co-operation would be sought from the Orford Town Trust, which owns the river bed from the northern boundary of the Parish of Orford to North Weir Point, together with sailing clubs and other major river users and interest groups, such as the Alde and Ore Association.

9.101 Any measures to enhance the environment of Slaughden and further manage its recreational potential will need to involve all those with an interest in the area, and will also need to be appraised in the context of Slaughden Road and Fort Green.

COMMUNITY FACILITIES

9.102 The provision of community facilities will generally be encouraged, although each will be judged on its individual merits and against other policies of the Local Plan.

FRAMLINGHAM

9.103 Framlingham lies on the upper reaches of the River Ore at the heart of a predominantly agricultural area. Although it is situated at the focus of several minor traffic routes, it is relatively isolated. This isolation gives the town an atmosphere of independence and almost self-sufficiency.

9.104 The central area, together with the castle, school and extensive water meadows around the Mere, have been designated as a Conservation Area because of their importance and relationship to each other.

9.105 On account of its position and character, it fulfils several functions:

(i) a local shopping, education and service centre with an extensive sphere of influence;

(ii) a minor employment centre, originally based largely on old-established agricultural and service industries. Several employment uses are now located in unsatisfactory locations with poor access, amenity problems, etc.;

(iii) a residential town, with increasing commuting out to larger centres such as Ipswich and Woodbridge;

(iv) a tourist centre, reflecting the special character and attraction of its historic core and castle.

These and other matters are addressed in this Section as follows, although it must be emphasised that the greater proportion of policies which will apply to Framlingham are general ones, contained in Part One of the Plan:

• Housing

• Employment

• Town Centre

• Conservation (including The Castle/Mere and Market Hill).

FRAMLINGHAM - GENERAL

HOUSING

Housing Requirements

9.106 Reference has already been made (paragraph 9.6) to the lack of any necessity to allocate land to meet the Structure Plan housing requirements for the Suffolk Coastal District as a whole. However, it is considered appropriate to make some provision to meet the future housing needs of Framlingham.

North and South of Brook Lane

9.107The site to the north of Brook Lane is an area of about 0.74 hectares (1.85 acres). Access would be from Brook Lane by means of an extension to Warene Close to the east and some peripheral landscaping would be necessary and existing features retained. The site to the south of Brook Lane is an area of about 5.4 hectares (13.5 acres) which could accommodate about 160 dwelling.

POLICY AP133

Framlingham: Brook Lane

Land at Brook Lane, Framlingham, as shown on the Proposals Map, is suitable for housing which shall be developed to a density commensurate with the need to retain existing natural features and implement a landscaping scheme to the satisfaction of the District Council.

New Road and College Field

9.108 On the western side of New Road are two employment sites. The southern one is a depot associated with a garage company in the town, who have now relocated. The owners of the northern site have similarly indicated a desire to relocate.

9.109 Both sites are unsuitable for commercial use, in that they are in close proximity to residential properties and a primary school, and are located on a narrow road. Behind both sites is College Field; this rises northwards and is prominent along its northern edge, which also abuts the Conservation Area.

9.110 At Vyces Road are the playing fields of the primary school referred to above. The separation of the school from its playing fields, with a busy road in-between, is far from ideal.

9.111 The redevelopment of the employment sites for residential purposes would considerably improve the environment of the area. Whereas there are sound reasons for such residential development in their case, the same is not true of College Field, particularly bearing in mind the lack of a strategic need to allocate housing land (see para 9.7). However, an exception could be made if the development of the site made provision for a replacement school playing field. This should be at the northern, more sensitive end, which should be left 'open'. A link to the school would be essential.

9.112 The development of the three areas should be on a comprehensive basis. Altogether, about 50 dwellings could be accommodated, and elderly persons' units or sheltered accommodation would be encouraged, in view of the need to keep traffic flows in New Road to a minimum.

POLICY AP134

Framlingham: New Road and College Field

The following land at New Road, Framlingham, as shown on the Proposals Map, is suitable for development for housing purposes:

(i) employment sites along New Road;

(ii) The TAVR building, if not required for community purposes in accordance with Policy AP88;

(iii) part of College Field, if provision is made for playing fields to serve the Primary School to the south, on land shown on the Proposals Map, and a pedestrian footway links the two.

Development shall take place on a comprehensive basis, retaining existing natural features. Accommodation for the elderly will be encouraged.

Vyces Road

9.113 The provision of new playing fields would release the Vyces Road site for development, but only when the new facility is in place. The Vyces Road site could accommodate about 15 dwellings. The following policies will apply to these areas:

POLICY AP135

Framlingham: Vyces Road

Land at Vyces Road, Framlingham, as shown on the Proposals Map, is suitable for housing development when compensatory playing field provision has been provided at College Field, in accordance with Policy AP134.

Mount Pleasant

9.114 The College playing fields lying between Mount Pleasant and College Road, are recognised as having some potential for residential development. For convenience, the playing fields can be considered as three separate areas. One part, fronting Pembroke Road, has the benefit of a valid planning consent for 6 dwellings. The smaller playing field fronting Mount Pleasant has been accepted for housing, in principle, in previous informal planning policy documents. The remaining playing field area is considered to make an important contribution to the character of the locality particularly the eastern part, which creates an open green area and contributes to the setting of the College opposite. The District Council considers that any future development of these playing field areas should only be carried out in accordance with a Planning Brief. This Brief will need to consider the location, form and density of any development and the precise boundaries of any Area to be Protected from Development to which Policy AP28 would apply. The following policy will apply:

POLICY AP136

Framlingham: College Playing Fields

The College playing fields, as shown on the Proposals Map, are accepted as having some potential for residential and other development, the amount of which will be determined by the need to make compensatory provision for the loss of playing fields. The District Council will prepare a Planning Brief for the area and this will define the location, scale and form of development, taking account of:

(i) any extant planning consents;

(ii) the need to retain the eastern part in an undeveloped form because of its contribution to the character of the locality and the setting of the College.

Areas to be Protected from Development

9.115 As stated in General Policy AP26, new development in Framlingham must be located in the physical limits boundary, as shown on the Proposals Map. However, there may be sites, gaps, or gardens which should be retained in their open form. These are defined as "Areas to be Protected from Development", to which Policy AP28 will apply. The more significant areas are shown on the Proposals Map.

EMPLOYMENT

Station Road and Woodbridge Road

9.116 There are two industrial estates in Framlingham - at Station Road and Woodbridge Road. The former includes former allotment land to the west. The latter includes land to the west of Broadwater Road, where potential exists for more intensive use of the southern part. It also includes land known as Holgate Hill at the southern end of the area and on the edge of a Special Landscape Area. Consistent with policies for other parts of the District, both are identified as General Employment Areas, where most forms of employment activity will be encouraged.

POLICY AP137

Framlingham: General Employment Areas

The Station Road and Woodbridge Road industrial estates, Framlingham, as shown on the Proposals Map, are identified as General Employment Areas to which Policy AP51 will apply. Any further development at the southern end of the Station Road area (also known as Holgate Hill) will require a high standard of design and a landscaping scheme along the western boundary.

Land between Station Road and Fairfield Road

9.117 An area of land is identified for employment purposes between Station Road and Fairfield Road. This is opposite existing industrial development and provides opportunities to meet the future employment needs of the town. Part has already been taken up.

POLICY AP138

Framlingham: Land between Station Road and Fairfield Road

An area of land between Station Road and Fairfield Road, Framlingham, as shown on the Proposals Map, is identified as an Employment Area suitable for B1 and B2 uses only.